Determination of the level of redundancy of the complex construction flow of the cluster-territory of the existing city development

Abstract

Among the methods of increasing reliability envisaged in the design, a special place is occupied by the use of redundancy. Redundancy is additional means (or capabilities) beyond the minimum required to perform a given function. Reservation is a method of increasing reliability by introducing redundancy. The special place assigned to this method is explained by the fact that redundancy most fully solves the problem of obtaining the required reliability with relatively unreliable elements. Depending on the type of redundancy used, the following types of redundancy are distinguished: structural — providing for the use of redundant elements; in the structure of the object (nodes, blocks similar to those available); temporary — providing for the use of excess time; functional — providing for the use of the ability of elements to perform additional functions; informational — providing for the use of the ability to perceive additional information coming to the object; load — providing for the use of the ability to perceive an additional load. One of the main ways to increase the reliability of systems is structural redundancy, which provides for the inclusion of additional facilities in the system. Structural redundancy differs in a number of ways: the reserve is switched on permanently or the reserve element is switched on as needed (replacement reservation, unloaded reserve); individual or group redundancy; the transition to the reserve element occurs instantly or it takes a finite time to switch; the system of health monitoring and reserve management is absolutely reliable or has ultimate reliability, etc. The variety of types of redundancy has led to the creation of dozens of different models that take into account the specific specifics of the systems.