Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Lean Construction Tools Implementation during the Execution Phase of a Construction Project in Moscow

Abstract

The paper addresses the problem of persistent cost escalation in the Russian construction industry, which, under conditions of macroeconomic instability, inflation, and rising logistics costs, has become a critical factor reducing the competitiveness of construction companies. The necessity of implementing management technologies aimed at reducing production waste without significant capital investment is substantiated. Lean construction, which adapts the principles of lean manufacturing to the specifics of construction projects, is proposed as such an approach.

The study examines the application of 5S, Value Stream Mapping (VSM), and standardized work methodologies in a residential development project in Moscow, together with supplementary tools including 4M, 5W+1H, and the one-piece flow principle. The research methodology comprised time-motion studies, photographic documentation, employee interviews and questionnaires, and a comparative assessment of key performance indicators before and after implementation.

Key types of waste on the construction site are identified: waiting for materials and equipment, unnecessary worker movements, excess inventory, defects and rework. The implementation of lean construction tools in three pilot areas (finishing works, installation of engineering systems, and installation of a ventilated facade) resulted in a 66 % reduction in tool search time, a 50 % decrease in equipment downtime frequency, and a 60 % reduction in schedule deviations. Economic effects are estimated: savings on labour costs, reduced equipment rental expenses, and lower overheads.

Barriers limiting the scaling of lean practices are identified (staff resistance, lack of digital monitoring tools, the need to adapt foreign methods). Directions for scaling the experience are proposed, including the development of industry standards and training programmes. The paper is intended for specialists in construction management and project management.